The essential function of an industrial camera in a machine vision system is to convert optical signals into electrical signals. Compared with ordinary cameras, it has higher transmission power, anti-interference power and stable imaging capabilities. It can be classified according to different standards. : According to the output signal mode, it can be divided into analog industrial cameras and digital industrial cameras; according to different chip types, it can be divided into CCD industrial cameras and CMOS industrial cameras.

Machine vision software is a key component of automatic processing in a machine vision system. According to specific application requirements, the software package is re-developed to automatically complete image acquisition, display, storage and processing. Through the early transmission to the dedicated image processing software, it is converted into digital signals according to the pixel distribution, brightness, color and other information; the machine vision software then performs various operations on these signals to extract the characteristics of the target, and then controls the scene according to the results of the discrimination. Device action.

Lighting is an important factor that affects the input of the machine vision system, and it directly affects the quality of the input data and the application effect. Since there is no general machine vision lighting equipment, for each specific application example, the corresponding lighting device should be selected to achieve the best effect. The light source can be divided into visible light and invisible light. Several commonly used visible light sources are white flag lamps, fluorescent lamps, mercury lamps and sodium lamps. The disadvantage of visible light is that the light energy cannot be kept stable. How to keep light energy stable to a certain extent is an urgent problem in the process of practical application. On the other hand, ambient light may affect the quality of the image, so the method of adding a protective screen can be used to reduce the impact of ambient light. The lighting system can be divided into: back lighting, forward lighting, structured light and frequency according to its illumination method. Flash lighting, etc.

Backlighting means that the object to be measured is placed between the light source and the camera. Its advantage is that it can obtain high-contrast images. The forward illumination is that the light source and the camera are located on the same side of the object under test, which is easy to install. Structured light illumination is to project gratings or line light sources onto the object to be measured, and demodulate the three-dimensional information of the object to be measured according to their distortion. Stroboscopic lighting is to irradiate high-frequency light pulses on the object, and the camera shoots Requires synchronization with the light source.